Plato’s theory can be seen as a successor to that of Anaxagoras.
According to Diogenes Laertius, Anaxagoras acquired the nickname Mr.
Aristotle rejects the views of Anaxagoras and Empedocles (252a5–b5).
The Eleatic metaphysics that Anaxagoras accepts shapes the science that he proposes.
Kranz, Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker, in which Anaxagoras is given the identifying number 59.
Only a few fragments and testimonia discuss Anaxagoras’ views on perception and knowledge in living things.
Anaxagoras’ views appear among Socrates’ survey of previous naturalistic theories of explanation (Phaedo 96a6 ff.).
Anaxagoras is adamant that nous is completely different from the ingredients that constituted the original mixture.
It is crucial to Anaxagoras’ theory that there be (in actuality) no such pure bits or volumes of any type of ingredient.
Anaxagoras gave a complete account of the universe: of the heavens, the earth, and geological and meteorological phenomena.
We can already see a precursor of the debate in the opposing theories of knowledge of the pre-Socratic philosophers Empedocles and Anaxagoras.
One fundamental point about Anaxagoras’ theory of mind is that he nowhere in the extant material identifies mind with a divine principle or god.
The attack on him was intended as an indirect blow at Pericles, and, although Pericles managed to save him, Anaxagoras was compelled to leave Athens.
Inasmuch as these atoms, which Anaxagoras called “seeds,” are eternal and incorruptible, this theory still contains an idea borrowed from Parmenides.
(In general, the fundamental stuffs posited by Anaxagoras themselves possessed the qualities they were supposed to account for in sensible particulars.)
Reportedly the first of the Presocratic philosophers to settle in Athens, Anaxagoras was a significant figure, not only for later philosophical thinkers, but also for the wider civic culture of his time.
Anaxagoras asserts that nous has all judgment and discernment about all things; moreover, this knowledge extends to everything that emerges from the mixtures and dissociations caused by the original rotation:
Among the most significant were the Milesians Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, Xenophanes of Colophon, Parmenides, Heracleitus of Ephesus, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, Democritus, Zeno of Elea, and Pythagoras.
That naturalism appears in the dramas of Euripides, who is often described as a pupil of Anaxagoras, and in the comedies of Aristophanes, who satirizes the views of Anaxagoras as well as the figure of Socrates in Clouds.
Socrates expected the use Anaxagoras made of Intellect to provide teleological explanations; instead, Anaxagoras employed the concept to provide the same sort of causal explanation—in terms of physical interactions—that Socrates had found confusing.
Anaxagoras
noun person
- a presocratic Athenian philosopher who maintained that everything is composed of very small particles that were arranged by some eternal intelligence (500-428 BC)
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